In 1590 Heidelberg pharmacist sprenger discovered a plant of Chelidonium majus with leaves of a completely different shape in his herb garden. He propagated it and sent its seeds everywhere, and over time it was found in every major herbarium in Europe and described in most botanical books of the 17th century. This new variant is generally considered to be a new species of Chelidonium. Three hundred and ten years later, an unusual plant of the genus Oenothera inspired DeVry to propose an important new theory of evolution. Obvious aberrant variants are common in cultivated plants, and many well-known horticultural varieties (especially in flower color or shape) are actually produced by these variants. It is also found in domestic animals, the hornless individuals in cattle, or sheep characterized by short legs, such as the once common ancon sheep, which is famous for its very short legs and inability to jump over fences or low walls. In all these cases, breeders were able to produce pure lines by backcrossing with the parent followed by inbreeding, which we can now call true Mendelian inheritance. Contrary to what Kerrud found in the interbreeding of species, it does not "fuse" and does not gradually revert to the parental pattern. Curiously, in the famous syncretic genetic debate between Jenkin and Darwin, they both completely ignored this fact (see Chapter 11). The best known example of an aberrant variant is the so-called peloria. In 1741,plastic bulk containers, one of Linnaeus's students brought him a sample of a plant from Uppsala, Sweden, which at first glance looked exactly like the common linaria in its appearance, special smell, and special colors of flowers,spill plastic pallet, calyxes, pollen, and seeds. However, common egg yolk leather has a typical asymmetric flower similar to Antirrhinum majus, while abnormal regular flower is an actinomorphic flower with five processes. Linnaeus concluded that "the new plant propagated from its own seeds and was therefore a new species, not from the beginning." What's more, according to Linnaeus's classification method, the abnormal uniform flower is not only a new species or genus, but also a completely new class. This not only shook Linnaeus's concept of species fixation but also seemed to negate his taxonomic principles (Larson, euro plastic pallet ,wholesale plastic pallet, 1971: 99-104). At first Linnaeus thought it had something to do with hybridization, but he soon abandoned that view. It turned out that the perverse flower was not as fixed as originally thought, and Linnaeus later decided to ignore this pesky "species" and did not even mention it in his Flora (1755). More than a hundred years after Linnaeus, such unusual individuals or new varieties were discovered more and more frequently, but this did not provide any new insights, but the emphasis changed subtly during this period. In the case of cuppa and its contemporaries, some of these variants are only related to the concept of species, but with the gradual development of evolutionary ideas, variants and their ways of origin have taken on new significance. As pointed out earlier, Wenger's attention to this issue contributed to Mendel's experiment. Since the publication of Origin of Species, the problem of mutation has become more and more relevant to evolution. For fundamentalists who believe in one-off creation, the sudden appearance of such seemingly new species is a complete problem, while for those who believe that extinction occurs constantly in geological time and advocate new creation to fill the gap, it is a matter of comfort. It is also attractive to evolutionists who are basically essentialists in the post-Darwinian period, because they can see speciation as a sudden new origin process (see Chapter 12). Darwin's particular emphasis on the gradualness of evolution, that is to say, the evolutionary importance of successive variations, did not convince all his contemporaries. Huxley, Gordon, kolliker, and others have emphasized the origin of new species and patterns through abrupt, discontinuous variation. However, no one understood the importance of discontinuous variation more clearly than Bateson, who had collected a large amount of material to prove his argument (1894) (see Chapter 12). DeVries and mutations It was not until the rediscovery of Mendel's laws that the idea of discontinuous variation was fully developed into an important theory of evolution, DeVry's Mutation Theory (1901; 1903). Its role in evolutionary biology (see Chapter 12). In proposing and developing his new theory of heredity, de Vry not only carried out the hybridization of cultivated plant varieties but also studied the variation in natural populations. In 1886, he discovered two plants in a large population of Lamarck evening primrose (evening primrose) growing in a barren potato field in the Netherlands, which he believed were very different from all other individuals and could be regarded as new species. They are still extremely stable after self-pollination in DeVry's experimental garden. Other new patterns were also produced from individuals of Lamarck evening primrose transplanted from potato fields to experimental gardens. Later, in addition to many minor variants, Devry found more than 20 individuals that could be considered new species and were indeed stable after self-pollination. DeVry cites the word "mutation" for the process by which such new "species" are created. Considering the importance of the word in the theory of heredity,collapsible bulk container, I might say a few more words. The term "mutation" was used as early as the mid-17th century to denote a drastic change in form (Mayr, 1963:168). From the beginning, it has been used for both discontinuous variation and fossil change. cnplasticpallet.com